a supersessionist who believed that the church entirely replaced Israel. Unlike many evangelicals who insist in Enlightenment fashion that every text has only one meaning, and unlike many Christians who think like Occamite nominalists that the simplest explanation is always the best, Edwards followed the Great Tradition’s fourfold sense of Scripture and was able to see multiple layers of meaning in the same text. He was also able to do ontology in the way the Bible does it. In other words, he employed